100+ Linux commands cheat sheet & examples

In this cheat sheet tutorial I have consolidated a list of Linux commands with examples and man page link to give you an overview on Linux day to day usage. We know Linux is one of the preferred choice for most of the IT domains so having basic knowledge of Linux is mandatory for everyone. I have divided the Linux commands into different section so you can choose to only concentrate on the commands which suits your domain.

I will keep adding and updating this article from time to time to add more commands.

Environment Variables

Variables are local, which means they are specific to a process. Local means local to a process. For example, when you log in on a terminal or open a terminal emulator, you start a process that runs a shell and create this variable TEST with value as deepak

# TEST=deepak

Verify the content of this variable

# echo $TEST deepak

Now you open another terminal of the same Linux server and try to access this variable,

# echo $TEST

The output would be empty, so our variable is only accessible in the terminal where we created.

File Management

The commands under this section are very basic commands and must be known to every system administrator. This is definitely not the complete list of Linux commands for file management but can give you a kickstart and can cover most of the basic to complex scenarios.

Finding files and directories

Most of the time we will end up using find command to find files and directories. But I also like which command as it gives is the path of the binary which is required at multiple events when we are required to execute a binary with complete PATH.

Check User Information

These are some of the commands which we use to check the last logged in user information and some other commands to get more details on existing user.

Check System Information

As a sytem and Linux administrator you must be familiar with these commands. These will help you determine the type of server you are working on, such as load, cpu model, hardware model, hardware type etc. Some of the commands may be distribution specific such as hwinfo is only available in SuSE Linux while others are expected to be found on almost all distros.

Manage System Processes

These Linux commands will help you manage the Linux processes, and will help you troubleshoot any server resource related issues. You can use these commands to monitor your server’s resource such as Memory, CPU, disk IO etc.

Managing Users and Groups

Managing Permissions

Linux permission is a very vast topic and here I have only covered the basic commands which we use to assign/modify/remove permissions to files and directories.

Configure and Troubleshoot Network

This section will help Network engineers who are new to Linux environment. I have tried to place the most used commands for network troubleshooting, we also have tcpdump, iperf, netperf and many other networking tools which are used for troubleshooting network related issues but they can get complicated hence those are not mentioned in this list.

Managing Partitions and Logical Volumes

Managing RPM and Software Repositories

With package manager such as yum, dnf, apt-get, the life of a system administrator becomes very easy. You can easily install, update, remove packages, upgrade server operating system and much more using these commands.

Manage logging

Now you know about most of the Linux commands to manager different areas of Linux server but you must be familiar of how logging works in Linux? This may vary based on different distribution, with old distros we used syslog-ng for logging but now almost all major distros have moved to rsyslog solution.

Conclusion

In this cheat sheet tutorial I have tried to consolidate most used Linux commands by different types of experts across IT domains. I am yet to add commands for many other scenarios such as Managing Linux services, archiving, firewall etc but that would just make this tutorial infinite long. I may write another article based on the response I get on this one, even writers need motivation. So that I know people are reading and loving this cheat sheet then I may decide to spend some more time to write about the remaining Linux commands in another tutorial.

Looking forward for your feedback in the comment section.

原文链接：https://www.golinuxcloud.com/linux-commands-cheat-sheet/